The MarcoGram: For educators, principals and teacher-trainers.

Biography: The Story of a Life
As we begin the final push towards the end of the school year, MarcoPolo is featuring activities and lessons to help students examine their own life experiences, as well as those of famous personalities. MarcoPolo has selected several dynamic lessons to help your class celebrate Biographer's Day on May 16, the anniversary of the day in 1763 when Samuel Johnson met James Boswell, history's most famous biographer. Boswell's Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides (1785) and Life of Samuel Johnson (1791) are regarded as great models of biographical writing. Use the warm-up activities below to encourage your students to gather, evaluate and synthesize biographical data from a variety of sources. Then, scroll down for links to additional lessons and Partner-reviewed Web sites.

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Warm-up Activities

Image courtesy of Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division [LC-USW3-039101-D].
 
1. When writing a biography, the author might prefer to interview his or her subject in order to glean personal viewpoints, experiences and anecdotes. However, many biographies aren't written until after the subject's death, when information must be based on speculation, personal papers, newspaper accounts and interviews with relatives.

Have you ever read an account of another person's life? Why do you think the subject was chosen as the focus of a book? What made his or her life interesting?

Based on a topic recently discussed in class, ask students to select a little-known personality to explore. Encourage students to use the library, archives, local or state historical society and the Internet to locate primary and secondary materials about the subject's life. Instead of writing a report, have students prepare a timeline, and provide a bibliography of available source materials such as published books, diaries and personal papers, newspaper articles, photographs and Web sites.


Find out what it takes to write a biography in:
"Biographies: Creating Timelines of a Life" (3-5) from ReadWriteThink, International Reading Association and the National Council of Teachers of English
  "Edgar Allan Poe, Ambrose Bierce and the Unreliable Biographers" (9-12) from EDSITEment, National Endowment for the Humanities
  "More Amazing Americans: A WebQuest" (3-5) from EDSITEment, National Endowment for the Humanities


© MCI Foundation
 
2. Two hundred years ago this spring, Meriweather Lewis was in Philadelphia, studying and preparing for his famous expedition westward, for which he enlisted William Clark to be his traveling companion. Lewis studied botany, medicine and celestial navigation, and Clark was a skilled riverman, a geographer, and a first-rate map maker.

Do you like to travel? Have you been to a different state, or even a different country? How did you get there -- by car, bus, boat, airplane or another mode of transportation? Where is your favorite place to visit?

Depending on the traveling experiences of your students, supply them with a map of your town, state or country. (State and country maps are available through Xpeditions' Atlas.) Have students plot areas they've visited in the past. Where would they like to visit in the future? What should they do to prepare for a visit to that location? What can they expect to find when they arrive? Ask students to bring in photographs of past trips, or magazine clippings of future trips to create a geographical scrapbook.


Learn about yourself by studying your surroundings in:
"Traveling Along: Measuring and Mapping" (K-2) from Illuminations, The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics
  "Travels of Ibn Battuta" (3-5) from Xpeditions, National Geographic Society


 
3. In today's economy, many people are finding it necessary to look for jobs that might differ from their idea of a "perfect career." Their resumes often resemble mini-biographies, detailing where they've been and for how long, and what they learned along the way.

What are some of the jobs that your parents or relatives do? Why do they work at these jobs? What kinds of goods and services do they provide? What special skills do they need?

Ask students to pretend they have to apply for "positions" in the next grade level for the fall. Invite the principal or a teacher from the next grade level to speak to the class about what they can expect to learn in their new position. Then, ask students to list the skills they learned over the past school year, and how they can use those skills toward what they likely will learn next year.


Learn about your classmates in:
"Groups We Belong To" (K-2) from Science NetLinks, American Association for the Advancement of Science
  "Uses of Numbers" (K-8) from Illuminations, The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics
  "What Do You Want to Be?" (K-2) from EconEdLink, National Council on Economic Education


 
4. Johann Sebastian Bach was born March 21, 1685, in Germany. The son of a town musician, Bach studied the keyboard and violin, and used his skills to write church music and concertos. Bach was a devout family man, and happily spent his life creating elegant music for the harpsichord and organ.

Listen to some recordings of symphonies, concertos and songs composed by various musicians from various time periods. What instruments do you hear? What kinds of emotions are expressed? Can you determine the temperament of the musician by listening to his or her music?

Identify instruments that express strong emotions.
(For example, a flute can signify playfulness, while a cello can express sadness or despair.) Ask students to describe an important event in their life, and to select an instrument that would help explain the event.


Put a soundtrack to your life in:
"Middle School Orchestra: Studying J.S. Bach" (6-8) from ARTSEDGE, The John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts

Featured Lessons
Use these standards-based Partner lessons in your K-12 classroom.

"African Americans in Science" (6-8)
Science NetLinks, American Association for the Advancement of Science
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/lesson76.aspx
Students use the Internet to explore the careers of prominent African Americans in science, mathematics and technology.


"Art of the Wyeths: James Wyeth: Portraits and People" (6-12)
ARTSEDGE, The John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/lesson66.aspx
Students view portraits painted by James Wyeth, and then sketch and paint their own portrait of a relative or long-time friend.


"Biographies: Creating Timelines of a Life" (3-5)
ReadWriteThink, International Reading Association and the National Council of Teachers of English
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/lesson74.aspx
Students explore multiple sources to create a biographical timeline of a famous personality.


"Cultural Icons: Voices of Their Nations" (9-12)
Xpeditions, National Geographic Society
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/lesson78.aspx
Students explore the definition of "cultural icon" and study the life of a cultural leader.


"Economic Spotter: Inventors and Entrepreneurs in the Industrial Age" (3-5)
EconEdLink, National Council on Economic Education
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/lesson68.aspx
Students examine the inventions and innovations of entrepreneur Thomas Edison.


"Edgar Allan Poe, Ambrose Bierce and the Unreliable Biographers" (9-12)
EDSITEment, National Endowment for the Humanities
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/lesson70.aspx
Students explore the relationship between the mysterious lives, deaths and published works of authors Poe and Bierce.


"Groups We Belong To" (K-2)
Science NetLinks, American Association for the Advancement of Science
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/lesson77.aspx
Students identify different kinds of groups, including those they were born into and those they join socially.


"Middle School Orchestra: Studying J.S. Bach" (6-8)
ARTSEDGE, The John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/lesson67.aspx
Students learn about the life of composer Johann Sebastian Bach and his struggle to achieve musical independence.


"More Amazing Americans: A WebQuest" (3-5)
EDSITEment, National Endowment for the Humanities
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/lesson71.aspx
Students research the lives of famous people to determine the qualities and criteria that distinguish them as "Amazing Americans."


"Traveling Along: Measuring and Mapping" (K-2)
Illuminations, The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/lesson72.aspx
In this sequence of lessons, students combine measurement and geometry to explain the things they see and do in daily living.


"Travels of Ibn Battuta" (3-5)
Xpeditions, National Geographic Society
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/lesson79.aspx
Students work in groups to research the different areas visited by the 14th-century Islamic traveler Ibn Battuta.


"Uses of Numbers" (K-8)
Illuminations, The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/lesson73.aspx
Students use surveys to collect and analyze data about themselves and their classmates.


"What Do You Want to Be?" (K-2)
EconEdLink, National Council on Economic Education
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/lesson69.aspx
Students use an interactive tool to explore possible careers for themselves.


"Writing and Assessing an Autobiographical Incident" (3-5)
ReadWriteThink, International Reading Association and the National Council of Teachers of English
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/lesson75.aspx
Students compose an autobiographical incident by brainstorming, writing a draft, conferencing, editing, writing a final draft, word processing and completing a guided self-assessment.


Partner-Reviewed Web Sites
Use these Partner-reviewed and approved resources to increase comprehension about this month's topic.

Distinguished Women of Past and Present
Reviewed by ReadWriteThink
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/website26.aspx


Franklin Institute: Women's History Hotlist
Reviewed by Science NetLinks
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/website27.aspx


HyperHistory Online
Reviewed by Xpeditions
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/website28.aspx


Invention Dimension
Reviewed by EconEdLink
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/website29.aspx


MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive
Reviewed by Illuminations
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/website30.aspx


Poe Museum
Reviewed by EDSITEment
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/website31.aspx


President's Hall
Reviewed by ARTSEDGE
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/website32.aspx



Search for more lessons and resources


MarcoPolo Resources
Use this interactive resource from the MarcoPolo Partnership to improve teaching and learning skills.
 
The ReadWriteThink Interactive Time Line is designed to allow users to easily input and display relationships between items. Appropriate for grades K-12 in all content areas, this open-ended tool has multiple purposes: it serves as a productivity tool by displaying project planning and deadlines; it helps students summarize a sequence of events, such as important dates in the life of a famous person; or, students can use it to organize their understanding of content-specific information.
 
 
Interactive Time Line
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/resource6.aspx



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